Patients with prostate cancer can speak to a fertility doctor if they still intend to father children. This means prostate radiation side effects that its fluids and secretions are intended for use outside of the body. The prostate produces the fluid that nourishes and transports sperm on prostate radiation side effects their journey to fuse with a female ovum, or egg, and produce human life. The prostate contracts and forces these fluids out during orgasm. The protein excreted by the prostate, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), helps semen retain its liquid state. An excess of this protein in the blood is one of the first signs of prostate cancer. The Prostate radiation side effects urethra is tube through which sperm and urine exit Prostate radiation side effects prostate radiation side effects the body. As such, the prostate is also Prostate radiation side effects prostate radiation side effects responsible for urine control. It can tighten and restrict the flow of urine through the urethra using Thousands of tiny muscle fibers. Tiny changes Prostate radiation side effects occur in the shape and size of the prostate gland cells, known as prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN). This tends to happen slowly and does not show symptoms until further into the progression. Nearly 50 percent of all men over the age of 50 years have PIN. High-grade PIN is considered pre-cancerous, and it requires further investigation. Prostate cancer can be successfully treated if it is diagnosed before metastasis, but if it spreads, it is more dangerous. Stages Staging takes into account the size and extent of the tumor and the Prostate radiation side effects scale of the metastasis (whether it has traveled to other organs and tissues). At Stage 0, the tumor has neither spread from the prostate gland nor invaded deeply into it. At Stage 4, the cancer has spread to distant sites and organs. Diagnosis A doctor will carry out a physical examination and enquire about any ongoing medical prostate radiation side effects history. If the patient has symptoms, or if a routine blood test shows abnormally high PSA levels, further examinations may be requested.
Imaging scans can show and track the presence of prostate cancer.
Imaging scans can show and track the presence of prostate cancer. Tests may include: a digital rectal examination (DRE), in which a doctor will manually Check for any abnormalities of the prostate with their finger a biomarker test checking the blood, urine, or body tissues of a person with cancer for chemicals unique to individuals with cancer Prostate radiation side effects If these tests show abnormal results, further tests will include: a PCA3 test examining the urine for prostate radiation side effects the PCA3 gene only found in prostate cancer prostate radiation side effects cells a transrectal ultrasound scan providing imaging of the affected region using a probe that emits Prostate radiation side effects sounds a biopsy, or the removal of 12 to 14 small pieces of tissue from several areas of the prostate for examination under a microscope These will help confirm the stage of the cancer, whether it has spread, and what treatment Prostate radiation side effects is appropriate. To track any spread, or metastasis, doctors may use a bone, CT scan, or MRI scan. Outlook If the disease is found before it spreads to other organs in a process Prostate radiation side effects known as metastasis, the 5-year survival rate is prostate radiation side effects 99 percent. Once the cancer metastasizes, or spreads, the 5-year survival rate is 29 percent.
Regular screening can help detect prostate cancer while it Prostate radiation side effects is still treatable. Risk factors The exact cause of prostate cancer is unclear, but there are many prostate radiation side effects possible risk factors. Age Prostate cancer is rare Prostate radiation side effects among men under the age of 45 years, Prostate radiation side effects but more common after the age of 50 years. Geography Prostate cancer occurs most frequently in North America, northwestern Europe, on the Caribbean islands, and in Australia.
Genetic factors Certain genetic and ethnic Prostate radiation side effects Prostate radiation side effects groups have an increased Risk of prostate cancer. In the U. S., prostate cancer is at prostate radiation side effects least 60 percent more common and 2 to 3 times more deadly among black men than non-Hispanic white men. A man also has a much higher risk of developing cancer if his identical twin has it, and a man whose brother or father had prostate cancer has twice the risk of developing it compared to other men. Having a brother who has or has had prostate cancer is more of a genetic risk than having a father with the disease. Diet Studies have suggested that a diet high in red meat or high-fat dairy products may increase a prostate radiation side effects person's chances of developing prostate cancer, but the link is neither confirmed nor clear. Medication Some research has suggested that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) Use may reduce the risk of prostate cancer. Others have linked NSAID use with a higher risk of death from the disease. This is a controversial area, and results have not been confirmed. There has also been some investigation into prostate radiation side effects whether statins might slow the progression of prostate cancer.
Prostate procedures
Prostate use
Is prostate cancer
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