It can tighten and restrict the flow of urine through the urethra using thousands of tiny muscle prostate organ fibers.
Tiny changes occur in the shape and size of the prostate gland cells, known as prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN).
This tends to happen slowly prostate organ and does not show symptoms until further into the progression. Nearly 50 percent of all men over the age of 50 years have PIN. High-grade prostate organ PIN is considered pre-cancerous, and it requires further investigation. Prostate cancer can be successfully treated if it is diagnosed before metastasis, but if it spreads, it is more dangerous. Stages Staging takes into account the size and extent of the tumor and the scale of the metastasis (whether it has traveled to other organs and tissues). At Stage 0, the tumor has neither spread from the prostate gland nor invaded deeply into it.
At Stage 4, the cancer has spread prostate organ to distant sites and organs. Diagnosis A doctor will prostate organ carry out a physical examination and enquire about any ongoing medical history. If the patient has symptoms, or if a routine blood test shows prostate organ abnormally high PSA levels, further examinations may be requested.
Imaging scans can show and track the prostate organ presence of prostate cancer. Imaging scans can show and track the presence of prostate cancer. Tests may include: a digital rectal examination (DRE), in which Prostate organ a doctor will manually check for any abnormalities of the prostate with their finger a biomarker test checking the blood, urine, or body tissues of a person with cancer for chemicals unique to individuals with cancer If these tests show abnormal results, further tests will include: a PCA3 test prostate organ examining the urine for the PCA3 gene only found in prostate cancer cells a transrectal ultrasound scan providing imaging of the affected region using a probe that emits sounds a biopsy, or prostate organ the removal of 12 to 14 small pieces of tissue from several areas of the prostate for examination under a microscope These will help confirm the stage of the cancer, whether it has prostate organ spread, and what treatment is appropriate. To track prostate organ any spread, or metastasis, doctors may use a prostate organ bone, CT scan, or MRI scan. Outlook If Prostate organ the disease is found before it spreads to other organs in a process known as metastasis, the 5-year survival rate is 99 percent. Once the Prostate organ cancer metastasizes, or spreads, the 5-year survival rate is 29 percent. Regular screening can help detect Prostate organ prostate cancer while it is still treatable. Risk prostate organ factors The exact cause of prostate cancer is unclear, but there are many possible risk factors. Age Prostate cancer is rare among men under the age of 45 years, but more common after the age of 50 years. Geography Prostate cancer occurs most frequently in North America, Northwestern Europe, on the Caribbean islands, and in Australia. Genetic factors Certain genetic and ethnic groups have an increased risk of prostate cancer. In the U. S., prostate cancer is at least 60 percent more common and 2 to 3 times more prostate organ deadly among black men than non-Hispanic white men. A man also has a much higher risk of Prostate organ developing cancer if his identical twin has it, and a man whose brother or father had prostate cancer has twice the risk of developing it compared to other men. Having a brother who has or has had prostate cancer is Prostate organ more of a genetic risk than having a father Prostate organ with the disease. Diet Studies have suggested that a diet high in red meat or high-fat dairy products may increase a Person's chances of developing prostate cancer, but the link is neither confirmed nor clear. Medication Some research has suggested that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use may reduce the risk of prostate cancer.
Others have linked prostate organ NSAID use with a higher Risk of death from the disease.
This is a controversial area, and results have not Been confirmed. There has also been some investigation into whether statins might slow the progression of prostate cancer.
One 2016 study concluded that results were "weak and inconsistent." Obesity It is often believed that obesity is linked prostate organ to the development of prostate cancer, but the American Cancer Society maintains that there is no clear link. Some studies have found that obesity prostate organ prostate organ prostate organ increases the risk of death in advanced cancers. Studies prostate organ have also concluded Adenoma in prostate that obesity decreases the Prostate organ risk that a cancer will be low-grade if it does occur. Agent Orange Exposure to Agent Orange, a chemical weapon used in the Vietnam war, may possibly be linked to the development of more aggressive types of cancer, but the extent of this has not been confirmed. This condition Prostate organ is known as Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (or prostate adenoma) because it refers to the non-malignant growth of prostatic tissue in men from middle age onwards.
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